Japan has announced a historic change to its defence policy by lifting its long-standing ban on exporting lethal weapons, signalling a major shift in the country’s post-war approach to security.
The decision allows Japanese companies to sell military equipment such as missiles, fighter aircraft, warships and combat drones to other countries. For decades, Japan had strictly limited defence exports and mainly allowed only non-lethal equipment.
Officials say the move comes in response to a rapidly changing security environment. Japan has become increasingly concerned about China’s growing military presence in the region, North Korea’s missile programme, and conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East.
The government says the new policy will strengthen Japan’s defence industry and improve cooperation with allies and partner nations. By expanding overseas sales, Japanese defence manufacturers may be able to increase production, lower costs and improve readiness during emergencies.
Countries such as Australia and the Philippines, which have strengthened defence ties with Tokyo in recent years, are seen as possible future buyers of Japanese military equipment.
The announcement marks one of the biggest changes in Japan’s security policy since World War II. After the war, Japan adopted a pacifist constitution and kept strict limits on military activity and arms exports.
However, those rules have gradually been eased over the past decade as regional threats increased and pressure grew for Japan to play a larger role in international security.
The move has also triggered debate inside Japan. Critics say exporting lethal weapons goes against the country’s long-held peace principles and could increase regional tensions. Some opposition groups have questioned whether the policy may draw Japan closer to overseas conflicts.
China also reacted strongly, accusing Japan of moving away from its peaceful commitments.
Supporters, however, argue that Japan must adapt to modern security realities and work more closely with allies in an increasingly unstable world.
